Tracing the Name in the Literature:

While good genealogy most often means working backwards from the present, sometimes we must make our own clues. Reaching back through the History of Greece, the literature shows many Halkiopoulos or Halikiopoulos men who played notorious roles in the development of the the nation. Often their role was balanced between occupying powers and the locals. I have concentrated my study in areas where there are many Halkiopoulos families between the Ionian Islands and Crete. These especially include those islands as well as Santorini, Naphlion, Athans and Patras. Within the Ionian Islands I extend my study beyond Kefalonia to include Corfu, Lefkada and Ithaci. Below is a small selection of references, which are organized by location, that follow these men and that offer other clues to consider in my research. These references will grow as I continue to find and translate them:

KEFALONIA:

• Betty Kagia, Kefalonia and Ithaki, The Kingdom of Odysseus, (Grecocard Publications, 1994):
  • Areference is made to a "Halikiopoulou locale" near Asprogerakas on Kefalonia, where the ruins of the church Agios Nikolaos, to which the nuns of Atros, being pursued by the Turks in 1598, took refuge. The church belonged to the monastery of Aggios Gerassimos. This is located between the village of Asprogerakis and the paved highway to Poros. page 62
  • Prior to that beginning in the 16th century, The Venetians allowed immigrants from the Peloponnese to settle in Moussata, a village off the southern coast deserted by the locals because of pirate attacks (Kagia, 1994).
  • A town in the southeastern portion of the island, near Poros, Atsoupades along the coast was settled by refugees fleeing the Turkish occupation in Crete during the late 17th and early 18th centuries. More specifically the dates range from 1647 to 1669 . That village name was taken from a similar name in Crete: Atsipada (Kagia, 1994). That village name was taken from a similar name in Crete: Atsipada (Kagia, 1994).
• (Molly Green, A Shared World, (Princeton University Press, NJ, 2000}:
  • The governor of Kefalonia was Cretan as a reward by the Venetians for his efforts fighting the Turks n Crete.(Greene p.82)
  • It is known that people who migrated to the island during the British occupation often falsified their names to make their origins sound more like one who originated from the Kefalonia. Greene p ?
• Ciotou, Panagiotou, History of the Ionian State From Self-rule Until the Union, 1815-1864, Vol B, (Bibliopoleio Dionysioy Boti Karabia, Athens), 1877 (in Greek):
  • Manizaros Iaxobos Halikiopoulos, pp. 5, 12 (Item not yet translated.)
  • Panayioytis Halikiopoulos, p. 573 (Item not yet translated.)
• Ciotou, Panagiotou, History of the Ionian State From Self-rule Until the Union, 1815-1864, Vol A, (Bibliopoleio Dionysioy Boti Karabia, Athens), 1874 (in Greek):
  • Stanos Halikiopoulos, pp. 87, 114, 525 (Item not yet translated.)
  • Stuliano Halikiopoulos p. 94 (Item not yet translated.)

CORFU (Kerkeria)

• Many of them lived in Corfu (Kerkyra), as do now many of their descendents. Forming the west shore of the Kanoni peninsula, there is even a lake near the airport called the Halikiopoulos (or Halkiopoulos depending on the source) Lagoon.
  
  
• Pratt, Michael, Britain's Greek Empire, (Rex Collings, London), 1978 (in English):
  • Refers to the Khalikiopoulos family's trusted reappointments to the Regency of Corfu during the first thirty years of the British Protectorate, 1815-1864. Halkiopoulos, being a Peloponnesian name, might have stood out to immigration officials during the British Protectorate (1809-1863).
• There is a lagoon south of Corfu Town on the Island of Corfu named Halkiopoulos. I have found numerous Halkiopoulos vital records there through the LDS Family History Center, but found no records that match my family's. There are still some Halkiopoulos families on Corfu to this day. No document in my possession, though, refers to Corfu in connection with my particular family.

LEFKADA (Leukas)(Saint Maura)

• Areia Net, GNTO, Lefkada, "Sightseeing", 1996 at this sight, An Alexandros Halkiopoulos is said to be buried in a church called the Kristos Pandocrator, located in Lefkada City on Lefkada Island (once called Santa Maura). This church was once owned by the father of Aristotilis Valaoritis, a lawyer and the famous Neo-Hellenic poet.

CRETE (Cania)

• THE HEAD BISHOPS OF THE CHURCH OF CRETE, by Diocese of the Holy Archdiocese of Crete, http://www.iak.gr/IAK/English/archsgr.html, lists Constantinos Halkiopoulos (1711-1716 and 1719-1722) as the 48th Bishop of Crete during the period of Turkish Domination.
• Constantinos Halkiopoulos [unnamed in this source] was driven out of Crete to cut short his first term by two Greek officials serving the Ottomans, Moschakes and a Bonakes. People in such a position stood to gain the spoils left behind by the former Venetian Occupiers, so these Greek officials anxious to win the favors of the newly occupying Ottomans. Moschkes declared Gerasimos from Kisamos Bishop without permission of the patriarch. However, Moschakes was mysteriously strangled enabling Constantine to return to his position in Crete. (Greene 194-195)

• Ciotou, Panagiotou, Historical Memoirs of the Eptanisou, Vol. 6, (En Zakgitho, Athens), 1887 (in Greek):
  • Georgios Halikiopoulos, of Corfu. He was a leader ("protopapa") who had advised a French commander to teach the gospel and the dogma of the church to keep a firm reign over the citizens of the island, (between 1797-1803), p 94.
  • Mantzaros Halikiopoulos, his election as arch bishop and leader ("protopapa") on Corfu (1799) by the top priests in an assembly before the admiral and prince at the Palace of Gerousias, pp 168-169.

• M. Strurdza's 1999 book Dictionaire et Genealogique des Grand Families de Grece, Albanie et Constantinople mentions two Calichiopoulo families originating in Venetian Crete and establishing themselves on Corfu before 1490, and married into the barony family, Petretin, whose barony was handed down from Orsa de Canal and the Malipiero family, with intriguing connections between Venetian held Crete, Corfu and Venice itself.
  
  The other family a branch of the Calichiopoulos above, was associated with the Venetian Barony Fiomoco, also called Casal Scripero,the origins going back to 15th century, Retymnon, Crete. This family had several talented and notorious members:
  • Zuanne, "gardian grande" of the Greek Community of Venice between 1688 and 1712 and the wealthy patron of the 17th century Italian classic comedy, Goloni.
  • Giorgio, the last protopope of Corfu under Italian Domination.
  • Jakovos (1798-1843), who studied at the College of Nobles, Venice, and mayor of Corfu, known as a distinguished orator and musicologist
  • Nicolo (d. 1-13 April 1872), composer and member of the Philharmonic Society.
  The family even has a coat of arms as described by Strurdza:

  "Azure, to (at) the pyramid of crimson calm on a terrace of sinopia,
  added a bird of silver,
  supported by two lions (counter ramps) of gold,
  and accompanied with a head of three gold comets."

OTHER

• Bergopoylos, Konstantinos, "Oananeomenos Ethnisos"History of the Greek Nation, (Brabeio Akadimias, Athens), 1980 (in Greek):
  • P. Halkiopoulos, a mentioned economist, who cynically(?) compares the "Great Idea", the late 19th century concept of annexing Greek populated Anatolia with Greece, to the Jewish quest for (re-)gaining their homeland in the Palestinian State. This concept eventually led to the catastrophic exchange of entire populations by Greece and Turkey during the 1920s. p. 59
  • Dymaras, Konstantinos, "H Diakosmisi tis Ellinikis Idologias", History of the Greek Nation, (Brabeio Akadimias, Athens), 1980 (in Greek):
  • P. I. Halikiopoulou, a mentioned writer, who deconstructs the nationalist tones inspired by Lord Byron, in regards to education and learning and world civilization in general.
  • THE ORTHODOX CHURCH IN KOREA, 06/10/1999 THE ORTHODOX CHURCH IN KOREA mentions the discovery of a Greek Orthodox church in Seoul by Greek Army Chaplain Archmandrite Andrew Halkiopoulos of the Greek Military Forces, 1953.

  Of course, I do not make claims to these families, as of yet. I have found no connection between them and our Halkiopoulos family. Lacking the kind of access to family vital records in Greece that I am able to achieve in Poland, my research is reduced to this kind of fishing.

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